Menu > Articles de la revue de presse : - l'ensemble [tous | francophone] - par mots clé [tous] - par site [tous] - le tagwall [voir] - Top bi-hebdo de la revue de presse [Voir]

---

S'abonner au fil RSS global de la revue de presse

---

Présentation : TL DR ----- Last week I wrote about Markov Chains in a post titled, Using Python to Sound Like a Wine Snob . Yesterday morning, while laying in bed, I thought it would be a fun exercise to take this idea further. How about creating a Python script that automatically generates, and posts, humorous tweets in the voice of Yoda, combined with the wisdom of Zen masters I created and tested the code, and thus the creation of the Yoda parody twitter handle, YodaUncut. A day later I felt it would be valuable to write a blog post sharing what I coded. This code is like Burger King, have it your way, but don't go crazy . Please, don't abuse this with Twitter see Twitter's Terms of Service . I'm sharing this as educational material that hopefully inspires some people to pursue, or continue learning, coding ... or at least provide some answers for anyone who's stuck with their existing code, searching the web for some answers ... else, for your amusement Be original ----------- In my example I blend quotes from Yoda and various Zen masters. If you go through this exercise, pick something different. For example, how about combining quotes from Warren Buffett and Darth Vader, or 50 Shades of Grey and Mother Teresa Criteria -------- Here's the initial criteria I came up with 1. Purpose Generate amusing Yoda'esque tweets using Markcov Chains 2. The tweets would blend the wisdom of Yoda with the koans of various Zen masters 3. The generated tweets would need to be 140 characters, or less, in length 4. Create a random latitude and longitude in North America for Yoda's geolocation 5. Post the tweet on Twitter with Yoda's geolocation Requirements ------------ In order for the Python script to work, I used the following third party libraries oauthlib 1.0.3 requests 2.7.0 requests-oauthlib 0.5.0 The above libraries were installed with ----- easy_install pip Searching for pip Best match pip 6.0.8 Adding pip 6.0.8 to easy-install.pth file Installing pip script to tmp test bin Installing pip3.4 script to tmp test bin Installing pip3 script to tmp test bin Using tmp test lib python2.7 site-packages Processing dependencies for pip Finished processing dependencies for pip pip install requests oauthlib requests-oauthlib Collecting requests Using cached requests-2.7.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl Collecting oauthlib Using cached oauthlib-1.0.3.tar.gz Collecting requests-oauthlib Using cached requests_oauthlib-0.5.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl Installing collected packages requests-oauthlib, oauthlib, requests Running setup.py install for oauthlib Successfully installed oauthlib-1.0.3 requests-2.7.0 requests-oauthlib-0.5.0 ----- The code was written for, and tested with, Python version 2.7.9. It hasn't been tested in with Python 3. ----- python --version Python 2.7.9 ----- Generate Twitter API and token keys secrets ------------------------------------------- You will need to get your Twitter API and token keys secrets. If you haven't already 1. Go to https apps.twitter.com 2. Create a new app 3. Once created, scroll down to Application Settings and click on manage keys and access tokens 4. Copy you Consumer Key API Key and Consumer Secret API Secret 5. Scroll down to Token Actions and click on Create my access token 6. Copy your Access Token and Access Token Secret Save your keys secrets. Don't share them. Don't upload them to your git repository. For the sake of this example, put them in a file called keys.txt . The syntax of keys.txt will look like the following ----- cat keys.txt client_key client_secret token token_secret ----- Imports ------- Starting our Python code with the imports We want urllib for proper encoding of our tweets We import choice from random so that we can randomly choose text as part of the Markcov Chain We also want to import randint from random for generating some random numbers for geolocation latitude and longitude The two remaining imports require third party libraries to first be installed To post our tweet over HTTPS to Twitter's API, we'll need requests We also need OAuth1 from requests_oauthlib for authentication with Twitter Let's start with the Python code... Local libraries import urllib from random import choice , randint Third party libraries import requests from requests_oauthlib import OAuth1 Taking about geolocation... --------------------------- In order for the latitude and longitude geolocation to show up in the tweets, geolocation needs to be enabled for the Twitter account. To enable geolocation sharing 1. Go to your Twitter account settings 2. On the left side, click on Security and privacy 3. Scroll down to Privacy Tweet location and check Add a location to my Tweets 4. Click on Save changes Preparing the environment ------------------------- Adjust the following filenames to whatever you're using. In my example, I have a file that has Yoda quotes, and a second file that has various Zen master quotes. Quotes filenames quote_filename1 'yoda_quotes.txt' quote_filename2 'zen_quotes.txt' The format of both quote files looks something like the following. Each quote is on a new line. For example ----- tail -n 25 yoda_quotes.txt head -n 5 size matters not. look at me. judge me by my size do you so certain are you. always with you it cannot be done. hear you nothing that I say strong am I with the Force, but not that strong. twilight is upon me, and soon night must fall. that is the way of things... the way of the Force. that is why you fail. the boy you trained, gone he is, consumed by Darth Vader. tail -n 25 zen_quotes.txt head -n 5 no yesterday, no tomorrow, and no today. nothing is exactly as it seems, nor is it otherwise. one falling leaf is not just one leaf it means the whole autumn. the Force is not some kind of excitement, but merely concentration on our usual everyday routine. the Force is selling water by the river. ----- Twiter's API base URL --------------------- Here we define the base URL for Twitter's API endpoints. Base URL for Twitter calls base_twitter_url https api.twitter.com 1.1 Create a function to get your Twitter API and token keys secrets from keys.txt --------------------------------------------------------------------- def get_twitter_credentials This function reads in the Twitter credentials and organizes them in a dictionary return Return the twitter credentials as a dict f open 'keys.txt' , 'rb' raw_credentials f . readlines f . close credentials for credential in raw_credentials key credential . split ' ' 0 value credential . split ' ' 1 . strip ' n ' credentials key value return credentials Reading in the quotes --------------------- We also need a function that will read in the quotes from our quotes files. def get_quotes filename This function read the quotes in from a file param filename The filename of the file that contains the quotes return A string with the quotes concatenated together. Newlines are removed. f open filename , 'rb' quotes f . readlines f . close quotes_list for quote in quotes quotes_list . append quote . strip ' n ' return . join quotes_list Create a dictionary for use with the Markcov Chain -------------------------------------------------- This is the function used last week in Using Python to Sound Like a Wine Snob . def create_markcov_dict original_text This function takes the quotes and creates a dictionary with the words in Markcov chunks param original_text The plaintext to chunck up return Return the dictionary with Markcov chunks original_text original_text split_text original_text . split markcov_dict for i in xrange len split_text - 2 key_name split_text i , split_text i 1 key_value split_text i 2 if key_name in markcov_dict markcov_dict key_name . append key_value else markcov_dict key_name key_value return markcov_dict Generating the tweet, 140 characters, or less, using the Markov Chain --------------------------------------------------------------------- This is a modified version of the function used from last week's wine snob example. def create_markcov_tweet markcov_dict This function creates the Tweet using the Markov Chain param markcov_dict The dictionary with the text in Markcov chunks return Return the tweet Pick a random starting point selected_words_tuple choice markcov_dict . keys markcov_tweet selected_words_tuple 0 . capitalize , selected_words_tuple 1 Generate the Markcov text, ending the Markcov text when we create a key that doesn't exist while selected_words_tuple in markcov_dict next_word choice markcov_dict selected_words_tuple if len . join markcov_tweet next_word 140 if markcov_tweet - 1 . endswith '.' markcov_tweet . append next_word . capitalize else markcov_tweet . append next_word selected_words_tuple selected_words_tuple 1 , next_word else tweet . join markcov_tweet . strip if tweet . endswith , tweet tweet . rstrip ',' '.' elif not tweet . endswith . or tweet . endswith or tweet . endswith or tweet . endswith or tweet . endswith tweet tweet '.' return tweet Create a random latitude and longitude in North America ------------------------------------------------------- This is dirty, but works fine our purpose. def get_geolocation This function generates a random latitude and longitude, somwhere in Northern America. return Returns a dict with the lat and long latitude . 07d . format randint 28 , 69 , randint 0 , 999999 longitude . 07d . format randint - 128 , - 64 , randint 0 , 999999 return 'lat' latitude , 'long' longitude Create function to post our tweet via HTTPS using Twitter's API --------------------------------------------------------------- This is how we'll upload our tweet to Twitter def post_tweet markcov_tweet This function posts the tweet to Twitter param markcov_tweet The text to tweet return Return the response from requests.post Setup authentication credentials get_twitter_credentials client_key credentials 'client_key' client_secret credentials 'client_secret' token credentials 'token' token_secret credentials 'token_secret' oauth OAuth1 client_key , client_secret , token , token_secret Get latitude and longitude for the tweet coordinates get_geolocation Make the URL api_url statuses update.json . format base_twitter_url api_url status . format urllib . quote markcov_tweet api_url lat long . format coordinates 'lat' , coordinates 'long' api_url display_coordinates true tweet response requests . post api_url , auth oauth return response Tying it all together --------------------- Now that we have everything in place, let's take this out for a test drive. We're going to generate a tweet and post it to Twitter We begin by reading in, and concatenating, all of the quotes from both quote files. quotes get_quotes quote_filename1 get_quotes quote_filename2 For the sake of this example, let's do a quick test to see the first 1000 characters loaded print quotes 0 1000 I cannot teach him. the boy has no patience. I hear a new apprentice you have, Emperor. or should I call you Darth Sidious Master Obi-Wan, not victory. the shroud of the dark side has fallen. begun, the Clone War has Qui-Gon's defiance I sense in you. need that you do not. agree with you, the Council does. your apprentice young Skywalker will be. Yoda I am, fight I will. a labyrinth of evil, this war has become. a trial of being old is this remembering which thing one has said into which young ears. and well you should not for my ally is the Force. and a powerful ally it is. life creates it, makes it grow. its energy surrounds us... and binds us. luminous beings are we, not this... crude matter you must feel the Force around you. here, between you, me, the tree, the rock... everywhere even between the land and the ship. around the survivors, a perimeter create at an end your rule is... and not short enough it was. awww, cannot get your ship out...eh-heheheh careful you must be We'll feed text into our Markcov dictionary creation function ------------------------------------------------------------- markcov_dict create_markcov_dict quotes Let's also see how many chunks of text we have in our newly created dictionary as a quick test. print len markcov_dict 1595 Generate the tweet ------------------ We'll generate the tweet with our Markcov function and quotes markcov_tweet create_markcov_tweet markcov_dict Let's see what we'll be tweeting and the number of characters of the tweet print Tweet . format len markcov_tweet , markcov_tweet Tweet 140 Of evil, this war has become. A trial of being old is this remembering which thing one has said into which young ears. And well you should. Ready ... aim ... FIRE ----------------------- Finally, let's post the tweet and get a status of whether or not the tweet was posted successfully response post_tweet markcov_tweet if response . status_code 200 print Tweet posted successfully else print - Tweet post failed Tweet posted successfully Back to this world... --------------------- The tweet has now been posted on Twitter. You can also schedule your script to run via cron at random times throughout the day. For example, let's say we want to post three tweets a day at random times. You can setup a cron entry like the following ----- SHELL bin bash m h d m w -- minute - hour - day of the month - month - day of the week 0-6, Sun-Sat 0 8 bin sleep usr bin expr RANDOM pourcents 28800 python myscript.py ----- I hope you found this useful. Please share suggestions, improvements, and any additional features you've created to enhance the code.

Les mots clés de la revue de presse pour cet article : twitter
Les videos sur SecuObs pour les mots clés : twitter
Les éléments de la revue Twitter pour les mots clé : twitter





Les derniers articles du site "Zen One" :

- The Force Awakens ... on Twitter
- Using Python to Sound Like a Wine Snob
- Sync Oracle Calendar to Google Calendar iCal iPhone
- Where The 'Bleep' Did My Identity Go
- Retrieving a Stolen iPhone in Under 72 Hours
- Koobface Analysis
- DHS Cybersecurity Strategy and New California eCrime Unit
- America the Vulnerable
- New Reader Poll - CISSP Exam
- The Pony in the Dung Heap Joke

---

S'abonner au fil RSS global de la revue de presse

---